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According to this, the molten plastic would be mixed with heated blue metal pieces and then mixed with bitumen. The molten plastic would form a thin layer over the metal binding the road strongly. This reduces the use of bitumen.
Global anti-incinerator alliance says, when roads degrade, the plastic which is non biodegradable will permeate the soil and pollute the ground water.
But this method is not been adopted anywhere. Will this be a good idea of disposing plastics?
Molten plastics and metal pieces melting will not degrade, because of this will the road be in good condition for a long time. These days with improper mixing, the road laying is in such a situation that after rainy season there are plenty of pot whole on roads. In such a condition will plastic on roads be green drive/ride?
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CETP was promoted by MoEF in 1984 to treat wastewater from small and medium scale industries sector (SMIs). First CETP was constructed in1985 in Jeedimelta near Hyderabad. CETP was followed by other states in TN, MP, Gujarat, and Maharashtra.
A bulk environmental pollution is caused by SMIs. Small scale industries policy has no thought for environmental planning. For the effluent from SSIs the concept of CETP was introduced. The MoEF has instructed the SPCB to establish CETPs in different industrial estates in respective states. It said that the central will provide upto 25% of the total cost of CETP and the remaining should be contributed by state government and industries.
This CETP has failed because of heterogeneous nature of the effluent from different industries. Clean production advocates reducing the toxic materials at source of manufacture. Clean production concept consists of 4 elements precautionary principle, preventive principle, democratic principle, holistic principle.
Objective of CETP:
• To achieve “economics of scale” in waste treatment, by reducing cost for individual factories.
• To minimize the problem of lack of technicians and human resource.
• Solve the problem of lack of space.
• Reduce the problem of monitoring the PCB.
• To organize the disposal of treated wastes and sludge and
• To improve the recycling and reuse possibilities.

Government policies for pollution prevention:
• Prevent pollution at source.
• Encourage, develop and apply the best available practical technical solutions.
• Ensure that polluters pay for the pollution control arrangements.
• Focus protection on heavily polluted areas.
• Involve public in decision making.
• Increase safety of industrial operations.

CETP had failed not only because heterogeneous nature of effluent. When huge load in on CETP applied during rains the effluent gets leached into ground water. No space for construction of CETP.

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• Recharges and formation of new aquifers because of increased incidents of floods
• Ground water with draw/during summer may decrease, however, during the winters; the demand of ground water will increase
• More surface water reservoirs will be required to harness flood waters and will lead to more recharge over longer period.
• Erosion activity will be more
• Evapo-transpiration losses shall be more especially in area where ground water levels are shallow.
• High temperature and decreased precipitation and consequent in melting of glaciers would lead to decreased water supplies and increased water demands, deterioration in the quality of fresh bodies, stretching the fragile balance between supply and demand in many regions apart from the likelihood of increased flooding of low lying areas, intrusion of saline water into estuaries, small islands and coastal aquifers.
Hence proper aquifer management will be required to meet the challenges due to climate changes.
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I am looking for a service provider who can service, repair and supply parts for our SYBRON make ( PHOTOCHEM) TOC analyser.

If any one is having or using the similar make TOC analyser then please forward me the contact details of supplier/service provider at sandeeptmr@yahoo.com

Deionizer cartridge part no. 17000 is immediately required.

 

 

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Krishnaa Human Initiatives is a Citizen Sector Organization Registered Under The West Bengal Societies Registration Act XXVI of 1961 And enlisted with  the NGO Partnership System of Planning Commission, Government of India. 

The organization launched Career Upliftment Program for Academics (CUPA). The PROGRAM is available online at the following link:

 

Career Upliftment Program for Academics

 

 

3839114961?profile=original

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As most of us are aware MoEF release a draft notification (classification, packing and labelling of hazardous substance) on July 8th for publc for comments.

http://moef.nic.in/downloads/rules-and-regulations/SO523_E_new.pdf 

 

I read the draft notification. I request to clarify the following

1. As per the Rule 4 " Responsibility of occupier and consigner"

It says Assign one of more hazard class specified in schedule II in acordence with the criteria specified therein; however, I would like to know who will assaign it and how to apply for the same.

 

2. Do we need to follow the all the rules like UN no, diomond ring and other if we are transporting within India.

 

Request everyone give inputs.  

 

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Solar For Pool Heater

I'm Looking for Solar Heater for 600 Cu Meter Capacity Pool Heater or otherwise any other technology will economic by capax & Opex which save energy with optimum result.

 

If any one has detail for same, Pls. do contact at +919016438868 or mail me at e.safe2207@gmail.com

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Blog by Nityanand Jayaraman- cross posted

 

Is Jairam Ramesh a smooth, cunning and crafty fox? That's what he claimed to be at a journalism school convocation in Chennai on May 3, 2011. Invoking philosopher Isaiah Berlin's spin on an ancient parable called “The fox and the hedgehog,” the Indian environment minister used the metaphors to explain his stance on the environment-growth debate. No other environment minister has spent time or thought on this dilemma, leave alone articulate it. But that is not the only reason why Jairam's thoughts are important. The minister's flourishes to the decade-old neoliberal reformation of the environment ministry, triggered by the 2002 report of the Govindarajan Committee on investment reforms, will probably have the deepest and farthest reaching effects. In a sense, it really matters that we know whether Ramesh is a fox or a hedgehog. Will the Jairam tantra really reconcile the imperatives of environmental sustainability and enduring growth? Or will it come in the business-as-usual package of hurting the environment and less privileged communities?

According to the fable, the fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing. Isaiah Berlin's version eulogises the fox to argue for pluralist views over “hedgehoggy” monism, where the one big story overwhelms and overrides all others.

 

see more>>

 

http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/blog/element-doubt-about-jairam-ramesh

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Greetings from IDSAsr

Guru Arjan Dev Institute of Development Studies, Amritsar(India) has planned to organize
its 3rd annual seminar on the theme Water Security and Climate Change:
Challenges
and Strategies with effect from November 4 to November 6,2011 in the
Conference hall of Guru Nanak Bhawan of Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar.
Registration is you open for the seminar. You are requested to contribure a well
researched paper on any of the sub theme in global context. Also gave wide publicity to the event.

Look forward to see IEN members here at Amritsar- The City of Golden Temple.

With warm personal regards

 

 

Flyer.pdf

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Rajasthan has resulted in a rapid depletion in ground water level and deterioration in water quality due to over exploitation. In Rajasthan, owing to meager surface water resource, ground water is only sources of dependence and survival, over 70% irrigation and 95% drinking water supply schemes are based on ground water resources. Availability of surface water is mainly restricted to canal command areas of Indira Gandhi Nahar Project, Chambal and Mahi rivers. To meet the demand, the withdrawal of ground water is more than the recharge to ground water resources. In fact this has created a problem of depletion and deterioration of groundwater level & its quality. Other geo-chemical factors have resulted in increase of hydrochemical parameters viz. salinity, nitrate, and fluoride in ground waters and have adversely affected the lives of inhabitants in general and socio-economic status in particular. The ground water of western, north-east of Rajasthan is facing problem of salinity, sodicity, alkalinity, nitrate and fluoride, whereas central and southern part is generally facing the acute problem of fluoride. High fluoride hazard is found almost all the districts of the state causing diseases fluorosis. Increased use of nitrogenous fertilizers and poor sewerage system in the urban agglomerate has caused high nitrates in aquifer water. Industrial and urban population has further caused deterioration in quality of ground water. Rajasthan has become a serious environmental issue in the field of water quality management and human health. The state second ranks amongst the most endemic fluoride problem areas of the country and shares approximately 10% of the world fluorosis problem.

In Rajasthan, drought and famine stays as unwanted guest almost every alternate tear. Thus water crisis is of acute nature and needs immediate attention of water managers.
Rajasthan is known for its arid climatic conditions and is characterized by low, erratic and unevenly distributed rains causing frequent meteorological, hydrological and agricultural droughts. Quality wise more than 25% of ground water sources have multiple problems,16% have excessive fluorides, 15% have excess nitrates and over 9% have excess salinity, thus leaving nearly 35% sources of potable.

The state is occupied by diversified geo-formations and hydro geological conditions. Ground water occurs in unconsolidated formations, semi consolidated formations and consolidated rock types. Quaternary alluvium, Lathi stand stove, Palana sandstone, Borunda limestone and Jodhpur standstone at places are some of the prominent aquifer system available in the state and are heavily over-exploited. Severe water level declining districts are –Jaipur, Sikar, Jhunjhunu, Nagaur, Jodhpur ,Jalore, Pali, Dausa and Barmer.

Factors Responsible for Water Scarcity

  • Low Rainfall-Arid climate 
  • Frequent drought and famine conditions
  • Less availability of fresh water 
  • Deep & declining water levels
  • Hard rock area
  • Dispersed population
  • Undependable energy supply
  • Formidable water quality problems
  • Lack of water education.
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India has been facing water stress and scarcity at various degrees at various places in the country. On the advent of climate change it is appropriate to take adoptative measures in all sectors particularly agriculture. Considering Water-Energy Nexus , it is necessary to evaluate water related equipments, machineries, utilities and even water supply schemes in total by arriving at their respective ‘Carbon Foot Prints’(CFP). This could be done for both existing schemes and newly proposed schemes through suitable studies and analysis.

‘Water-Energy Nexus’ is broad label for a set of interactions caused when human start using water and energy. The nexus manifests itself in many ways, revealing substantial trade off and opportunity costs associated with it. Energy production in US and India requires more water than any other industry. Water with density 1000kg/cum requires substantial energy for lifting, transporting, heating and pressurizing.

A carbon footprint is a measurement of green house gases that an individual, organization, event, or product produces or services from ‘cradle to cart”. As of the year 2007, India’s per capita CO2 contribution and ratio of GDP to CO2 emission were reported as 1.2 tonnes/capita/year.
CFP could be considered as one of the tool for evaluating the energy efficiency of the water supply scheme.

CFP of the scheme = SUM of CFP of (source + transmission system + equipments + machineries + treatment + distribution) divided by total volume of water.

This may be arrived for new schemes right from inception stage and also for existing schemes by conducting a suitable energy audit and adoptive measures. In addition to other bench marking criteria for the schemes, CFP may also find a place in final decision making on the scheme and its alternatives.

It is possible to arrive at component wise carbon foot print of all activities, materials, equipments, systems goods and services involved in water supply scheme and its alternatives comparable.
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The diary of a glib croaker

Nobody knows what happen, when me melt under the influence of that yellow burning star. Though I am not able to see the blue zone of it, but I can gaze inside of my heart and it just vaporizes. I see up above to the clouds in the night, every night and the moon pleases me with its mild light. I could see some clouds gathering and forming several nimbi around moon. Though they try to darken the moon, but it still hasn’t succumb to their plead. We wait for mild drops thundering into the earth, which then becomes our own pool. We males have to acquire our rights over our territory so that we can have as many females to impregnate, and then we respire just to bring new lives into this planet. I sometimes think our community should get some sort of Nobel Prize for it, and if not that then a pool which has permanent rights to all waters of the earth. One of our games includes all males singing together in chorus, and we produce croaking sound. The females, who are otherwise very shy, love it and often come to visit us in open and then we sing together in unison.In summers we hide ourselves in the burrow, where some of my clan participate in dancing naked around each other, but then we are always naked. The whole world is unaware of it and it’s good that we have been camouflaging this habit of ours. This will go further in generations, I hope. We have got a rough skin which he can adapt to changing weathers. We have consummated to every level of living, I think sometimes. Some of us even have poison glands in our bodies and we repel other organisms/ predators by our smell. But I am not one amongst them. I have to constantly look for those long, laterally undulating, without limb species that are always playing around our burrows. My mother had told me once they have darting tongue and if it touches, it can kill. I remember once when I was a little kid, I had seen one of those species swallowing my distant relatives. These relatives are little different from us, they have green epidermis and are slimy in touch. We don’t speak to them much as they aren’t as strong as we are and besides they don’t come out as often as we do. This time of the year is very tough for whole of our community. We sleep in the day time and come out in night searching for food. In the day time we just sleep and think about clouds which are filled with our underneath hopes and desires.Then as this night has come and as moon shifted into a new phase forming a sharp crescent, I feel some chill in wind that is blowing over my head. I can also see clouds gathering, and then now they are playing with each other forming circles. This game is going to lead into a brawl and their gods will use lightning weapons to disperse them. But they won’t, I know because of stubborn nature. I am at least happy for this peculiar adamancy for it brings water to our parched, cracked souls. We shall wait, yes we will.
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BITING CONCERN: Deaths due to rabies has seen a drastic rise in this year at GH, chennai.

At least 20 people have died of rabies at GH in Chennai city in last 6 months.

The association for prevention and control of Rabies in India will discuss strategies to eliminate rabies by 2020.

will this happen...??? i dont think sooo...the corporation sterilize the animals,give them anti-rabies vaccines and let them out... , i feel they should not let them out either to avoid accidents n bites.

 

RABIES- A SCARY INFECTION

  • rabies virus transmitted from animals to humans through contact with infected saliva via bites or scratches.
  • over 55000 people die of rabies every year worldwide.

Preventive Measures

  • animal vaccination
  • reduction of stray dogs
  • preventive immunization.

The association for prevention and control of rabies in India said they would insist on strengthening strsy dog population control and making pet dog licensing mandatory. Also, they will urge the state government to make vaccines accessible and affordable.

 

will people cooperate for license to keep pets???

 

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/articlelist/2950623.cms



 

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Delhi- The village I started knowing

I had a dream I, stood beneath an orange sky...with my brother standing by.The kaleidoscope is much clearer and boisterous when you actually squat there like other living entities and be a part of the whole experience. On a nice lazy Sunday evening, when there are chances of you might getting few drops of rain, you see it as an opportunity to beat the heat, rather thrash it into the puddle.So I went out, rather my legs took me wherever they liked; I basically surrendered to my 6th sense. As I moved along the road near my house, the alleys became narrower and after a point of time I could see lesser human habitation and more of downtrodden houses and shambles of trees, but interestingly longer farms and other forms of settlement that included birds, insects and fishes.It just seemed like a rural village in the midst of city. And then my mind took its leap, and I started thinking about a thousand of these urban villages. As I moved along a narrowed road, like the ones we have in remotest hill stations, I saw a trail of sunflowers and then my sight widened into a field of short grass, and an orchard where there were fruit trees of diverse varieties. It felt like I was in a very different state or I hadn’t seen this part of my city.I could see a bridge cum (linking two worlds) gate in front. It is called “Kheri Baba Pul” where Pul is for bridge. Its name reminded me of something amusing. There were people selling Fish, Corn, Cigarettes. I could hear loud noise of water somewhere around me. My brother said it’s a River. Though my geography was never at its peak, I couldn't imagine a river flowing anywhere near Dwarka. I asked a local if it’s some drain and he replied affirmatively. In any case there is hardly any difference between a drain and river. The pollution levels have shot up their limits. Locals are forced to take bath, wash clothes, utensils and even catch fishes which become a slightest part of their livelihood. There I saw few men wearing lungis and children running criss cross over mud and moving cycle tyres with the help of little sticks. People were looking at the drain where few men were collecting fishes. It was a great source of entertainment option for these people, in a way revenue source too. There was a single government school in the whole of godknowshowmuch kilometres and looking at it a something struck my mind “Berlin Wall”.On the other side of the bridge, I could not see anything. I was blinded by the dust storm. After it all settled down, I could see there wasn’t proper road or I should say any road on the other side. There were all sorts of animals cows, buffaloes, Horses. There were cow dung cakes being dried up on the walls. All of a sudden I saw 2 Pajero’s vrooming past me. Crowd didn’t care much for that, their interests were sidelined by Drain fishing game or run thy rubber competition.It was as if the people, their lives were a maze, all jumbled up. Their faces were coherent, almost inescapable to any naked human eye. They were like human magnets that could attract any life in vicinity. My mind raced amongst those running tyres and I started thinking, “What does this kind of living mean to them, what all they expect out of this mess?” Then I looked at the eye spying clouds that had totally lost their charm for me for they had started disappearing out of ignorance, I guess and all I saw was orange sky above my head.I squat there like others and started, glaring at it and other events happening around, slowly even I settled down and I kept on looking at the mighty orange coloured sky and I never cared for my answer after that.
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DEWATS are effective, reliable , cost efficient and custom-made wastewater treatment systems, which are perfectly suited for small to medium size systems(5-1000m3 /d) on community level and for individual users like institutions, hospitals or enterprises(SME). On community level ,DEWATS can be integrated into a sanitation complex, which is operated on pay and use basis, ccreating income opportunities for local personal. DEWATS solutions are not intended to replace but rather to complement centralized systems in applicable areas.

The technical options within DEWATS are based on a modular and partly standardized design. DEWATS is based on basic technical treatment processes:

• Mechanical treatment (sedimentation and flotation) and
• Biological (anaerobic and aerobic) treatment.

The most common DEWATS modules are settlers, biogass settlers, anaerobic baffled reactors (ABR), anaerobic filters(AF), planted gravel filters(PGF) , and polishing ponds. These systems can be designed for individual needs.

Areas of application of DEWATS

• Where individual onsite systems fail and the community cannot afford the cost of a conventional wastewater management system
• Where the community or facility is remote from existing sewers
• Where local water reuse options are available
• Where existing wastewater treatment plant capacity is limited
• The expansion of the existing wastewater collection and treatment facilities would involve unnecessary disruption of the community,
• Where residential density is spare
• Specific wastewater constituents are treated or altered more appropriately at the point of generation.

Merits of DEWATS

• Cost efficient as no or only simplified underground sewer system needed.
• Low running costs and energy savings as no electrical devices needed.
• Minimal O&M needs and costs as lower human resources capacity levels needed.
• Reliable, long lasting and tolerant towards inflow fluctuation.
• High variety of local water, energy and nutrient reuse options.
• No ground water pollution.
• Easy and efficient user involvement and participation; and high user acceptance,
• Applicable on household, cluster and community level.
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Impact on Coastal Ecosystem

Coastal zones in India are currently facing increasing stresses and shocks as a consequence of cumulative environment change driven by population growth, urbanization, industrial development, trade and capital flows, liberalization of transnational corporation activity and life style, attitudinal changes and unsustainable growth leading to degradation of coastal zones and ecosystems.
A large percentage of coastal population is directly dependent on coastal and marine resources like mangroves and other coastal vegetation, agriculture and fisheries for their livelihood. Exploration and exploitation of oil and gas activities in the offshore regions like Godawari, Krishna and Mumbai have resulted in pollution of coastal ecosystems. The problem of fresh water is already acute in coastal regions of Tamilnadu, Gujarat, WestBengal and Orissa due to over extraction of groundwater which has resulted in lowering of groundwater table and salt water intrusion. The lowering of groundwater table has also led to subsidence of coastal land causing high relative sea level rise. Lagoons located across the coastal regions of India tend to be decreasing in area due to silting of sediments and plant growing. Sea-level rise and reduction of river-borne sediments will decelerate delta progradation and wetland renewal. The rich biodiversity is seriously threatened by loss of wetlands due to sea level rise.
Intensive production systems and large scale facilities used to raise high value shrimp, salmon and other premium species has taken a heavy toll on coastal habitats, with mangrove swamps in India, this is being cleared at an alarming rate.
Coastal ecosystems like mangroves , coral reefs provide natural protection to coasts by dissipating considerable wave energy and hence only smaller waves of moderate intensity reach the shore and break
Coastal erosion is caused by forces of nature but very offen accentuated by anthropogenic activities like making of structures on shores.
The fishery resources of India are being depleted by over fishing, excessive use of pesticide, industrial pollution and even construction of coastal structures.
The loss of inshore fish nursery habitats by coastal development, and pollution from land based activities cause significant change to ecosystems supporting fisheries.
The impact of global warming on fisheries will depend on the complicated food chain, which could be disturbed by sea level rise, change in ocean currents and alternation of the mixing layer thickness.
Large scale changes in species composition and zonation in mangrove forests are also expected due to changes in sedimentation and organic accumulation, nature of coastal profile and species interaction.
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Autobiography of a piece of paper!!

Hello, my name is Wood Paper. My family trees are throughout the world although, I belong to the area of Western Ghats along the Latitude: 13.217156 and Longitude: 75.000833. My ancestors were rooted to this place and it’s from here my journey started. I was handpicked as the luckiest one when I matured and was processed with water forming a mat like structure. After penance of few days and standing with my fellow fibres in the harsh stream of water, I interwove myself and came out as the thin sheet, which is ready to use.

I also have my cousin’s called Rag paper and Grass paper. Their origins are from different part of the world (nothing interesting for you) and I really adore them. My existence brought a great revolution to the world. I, along with my brother and sisters from all over the world, were used everywhere as time passed. I became the heartbeat, the mode by which human race learnt to develop and grow. 

Sometimes I feel proud of the fact that human intelligence could grow because they used me as a learning medium. I can be used to write every single thought and idea that comes to anyone’s mind. This idea at first is like a raw seed which is then sown and spread on my little inter-tangled fibered sheet and later takes a shape of technology and invention.

I am worshipped in some parts of the world like in the region, where I belong to, the land called India. It’s a very vast land with vast population of my lush green forests and even more vast number of human races. There is a notion of sacredness related to me because I am the one who provides them with what they call ‘skiksha’.  I am the son of goddess saraswati and i am bestowed with her immense blessings, to educate every single human on earth. And I thoroughly enjoy this role of mine to be honest.

I am also the best friend of all the lovers in the animal world. I have successfully followed my duty in transporting messages written on me so that two hearts can meet. I love it when the divine nib of the pen meets my skin and leaves the mark, which can be read by animal later on. The softness of a pen when rolled over my body and is filled with emotions makes me cheerful and content. Different ink colours on my white skin make humans happy.

I am usually white in colour but there is also a possibility that I can be transformed into many other different colours by adding some chemicals and dyes. They make me look attractive and I am able to flaunt my new colour clothes on the ramp. But sometimes too many of hazardous chemical dyes used tend to harm my soft fibres and effects are seen in my afterlife, this makes me week and sad.

With the new technologies and after the decades of research by the man, the new hi-tech machines were invented, which I could never understand. Printing on me is fast and so many things are possible within few seconds. But I do not anymore feel connected to the real emotions and it is becoming hard for me to understand them. Everything around me in the new century is so mechanical- the hard pointer, the sound of machine and the cartilage ink. This makes me feel not wanted anymore and moreover mostly not cared anymore.

I loathe the change in the attitude of everyone and wish to bring the same old feeling back. I can feel the real end in front of me. I am scared that soon I will be dead and no one will remember how useful I was for every small action such as making toys, packaging material, books, wrapping secrets within me etc. As the electronic world is growing I am forgotten. 

 

 

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The ultimate goal in the design of a deep filter bed used in water treatment is to produce good quality of filtered water. The design parameters are not seen generally linked to the economic aspects of the filter beds. With the advent of dual media filters which produces about twice the quality of water than produced from conventional monomedia beds with equivalent water quality. the initial cost of the dual media filters are on the higher side when compared to the monomedia filters.A lower backwash rate and slower head loss development in the dual media filters make them deliver consistent performance even under extreme conditions of loading.Hence in case of a conventional mano media filter plants with insufficiency in meeting the demand, increased output could be obtained by up rating the plants to duel media filter beds.BY doing so , significant reduction in Capex investment is obtained due to the avoidance of construction of extra conventional filters.

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