We call it Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) "Management" as the solutions are not purely technical. The solutions lie in......policy, law, social, managerial, economics, ....a combination of them. Let me present my thoughts on this subject...

India is a country with less monetary resources, hence we don't have municipal waste processing and scientific disposal facilities nor money /access to hi-end technologies like,Waste to Energy Plants, Incineration, Pyrolysis etc....which are also not suite for our kind of waste.

Indians very well understand monetary penalties. So tax individuals based on how much waste they generate.  Tax them more who generate 'mixed waste' without segregating recyclables, kitchen waste etc..MSW reduces as the tax increases.

Whatever waste is generated in a colony should be segregated and disposed in the vacant land available within the colony, to start with kitchen waste can be converted to compost. This decentralization will ensure that huge quantity of wastes need not be transported to long distances for dumping. A typical Indian MSW contains huge quantity of moisture and inert material which need not be carried all the way to the dumpsite. A
person (rag picker) can be employed at colony level to do composting work and his salary can be paid from selling off the resources in the MSW (paper, plastic etc..). This way we can create employment to large number of rag pickers,  they can be brought into the society’s main stream as they get a dignified job and their health needs can also be addressed. This method of locally addressing MSW problem will lead to less waste to be transported resulting in less money to be invested in fuel (municipal vehicles), less money towards infrastructure. This system will use less land for disposal, reduced pollution of ground water etc.

Govt. should not to allow packaging (tetrapack, PET bottles etc.) for which there is no processing technology / take back arrangement available Or they can allow such packaging provided the manufacturer makes an arrangement to take back/ buy back the packaging and responsibly reuses etc..In other countries when you purchase a cool drink in a Aluminium Tin / PET bottle an amount is charged for the packaging and the same is refunded when you deposit it back at the supermarket.

We have educated Bureaucrats / Politicians / Technocrats who have been to different countries and know the best practices in MSW management but lack 'commitment' to solve the problem with "available resources".   This may also be not liked with MNC's who want their technology be adopted in India.

But there would be certain wastes (rejects, mixed waste etc. MSW from colonies which does not have land for composting etc..) that need to be disposed in a Engineered Sanitary Landfill, these landfills can be constructed in a novel way using locally available materials (ex. Japans Fukuoka method), landfills constructed on clay strata etc. Lets not blindly copy and follow USEPA guidelines, lets have our own implementable systems /
guidelines……  

Batteries / discarded computers & peripherals / wastes containing mercury etc. can be segregated and towed to hazardous landfill sites which are now available in few cities.